The brand new oceans out of about three local streams, streaming across the limestone and you will chalk over many thousands of years inside a carried on biogeological processes, has placed sheer dams off travertine, creating several beautiful lakes, cascades and caves. Its forest try a haven to own carries, wolves and several types of birds.
Geographical Place
Around the Bosnia-Herzegovina border regarding Dinaric hills, 20 kilometer northwest of Bihac into the Bosnia and you can 110km southern area out-of Zagreb into main highway southern into Adriatic. Its calculate coordinates are forty-two° 44′ N to forty two° 57’N and you may 15° 27′ so you’re able to fifteen° 36′ Age.
Real Features
Plitvice plateau lays during the 650-700m between the Licka Pljesevica (step one,640m) and you may Mala Kapela (step 1,280m) hills which can be intersected from the headwaters of one’s Korana River, the fresh new Black-and-white rivers. Top of the avoid of your Korana Area overlying the brand new dolomite stratum was an extensive basin holding the upper ponds given that all the way down ponds occupy a narrow limestone canyon. The brand new Plitvice Ponds basin are a creation regarding biological origin, a karst lake basin out-of limestone and you will dolomite, with many sixteen lakes, trailing dams composed within the last 4000 age of the deposition from calcium supplements carbonate from inside the service by encrustation on mosses (Bryum, Cratoneuron), algae and you can marine bacterium. This results in the building, at about step 1-3cm/12 months, off barriers of phytogenetic travertine (calcareous tufa) with created the ponds of numerous products connected by cascades and you will waterfalls, particular doing 25m in height. They have already characteristic unusual shapes and you will incorporate travertine-roofed and you will vaulted caves.
The new carbonates go out throughout the Upper Triassic, Jurassic and you can Cretaceous age and so are up to cuatro,000m heavy. Surface items include humus for the limestone, rendzinas and you will brown earth into limestone, eliminated and you can brown eliminated soils into limestone and you will humus, brownish earth additionally the removed earth regarding sinkholes. To maintain and you can keep the fresh pure characteristics of your own ponds off contaminants, the full facial skin and most of subterranean water drainage system could have been provided during the limits of your own Park. The newest portion are layers from karstified limestone having dolomites regarding Jurassic years.
Environment
Brand new Federal Playground depends on this new boundary ranging from a gently loving straight down top wet forest climate and you may a higher height cold tree environment, that have a yearly rain of 1,000-1,200mm. Brand new height out-of 700m above ocean-level or even the suggest temperature regarding -3° C about coldest week could have been taken due to the fact edge line among them climes.
Flowers
There are twenty two,308 ha off tree, which cover 75% of Park, 6,957 ha of meadow and you may 217 ha from lakes. The new forest comprises absolute stands regarding beech Fagus sylvatica at all the way down altitudes and https://www.datingmentor.org/escort/detroit blended stands from beech and you will fir Abies alba large upwards. New percentages off varieties is: 72.8% beech, twenty two.1% fir, cuatro.7% spice Picea excelsa and you may 0.4% oak Pinus sylvestris. One area out of 84 ha has never been clipped possesses woods doing 700 years old. The latest forest can also be classified regarding its fundamental dolomite and you may limestone strata. The latest dolomite communities are tertiary pine, hornbeam Ostrya carpinifolia, spruce and you may beech-fir woods. The latest limestone teams features a smaller sized level of tree systems, but defense more substantial town which have communities off liven and you will fern, liven for the beech, coppiced hornbeam that have sumac Rhus cotinus, Italian maple Acer obtusatum and heather Erica spp. Hydrophytic communities out-of black alder Alnus glutinosa, willow Salix spp., grey ivy, reeds and you will bulrush communities. Alpine beech groves grade toward fir and you will beech forest, having juniper Juniperus sp., plus in the newest valleys as well as on lower mountains patches regarding sub-Mediterranean herbs. Discover a giant mosaic out of meadow organizations, based on height, geology grounds and other situations, for the three groups: Festuco-Brometea, Nardo-Calunatea, Molinio-Arrhenatheretea and you can Scheuchzerio-caricatea fuscae. carniolicum, Primula kitaibeliana, P. wulfeniana, Ruscus hypoglossum and Paeonia mascula.
